Re-opening of the Rafah crossing

On February 2, 2026, the Rafah border crossing — Gaza’s only border point with Egypt not controlled by Israel before the genocide — was reopened in a limited capacity after nearly two years of closure during the ongoing siege and genocide in Gaza.

The move is presented as a key step in phase two of a U.S.-brokered ceasefire agreement, supposedly intended to ease isolation and allow limited movement of people. In reality, it functions as a new tool of ethnic cleansing and an enforcement mechanism of genocide, carried out with the complicity of the United States and the international community, including EU observers.

Rafah is Gaza’s main gateway to the outside world that does not pass through Israel. It has remained largely closed since its capture by Israeli forces in May 2024. Its limited reopening is framed as enabling medical evacuations, travel abroad, and family reunifications, particularly for Palestinians stranded by war and blockade.

Who can cross — and how

Movement remains extremely restricted. Only a small number of Palestinians are permitted to cross each day — up to 150 toward Egypt, primarily patients and wounded individuals, and only on foot. All movement is subject to security screenings and intelligence vetting, coordinated between Israel, Egypt, and international observers. Priority is reportedly given to critically ill patients, with ambulances and Egyptian hospitals on standby.

Despite the catastrophic humanitarian situation, marked by more than two years of siege and manufactured starvation, goods and humanitarian aid are not allowed through Rafah as part of this reopening. The process focuses on people, not supplies. Stringent Israeli security conditions — including prior approvals and joint screening — severely limit access, leading critics to describe the reopening as a pilot phase rather than a genuine restoration of movement.

Broader context

The reopening takes place within the framework of the Trump-brokered Gaza ceasefire plan, which established the “Yellow Line” as a temporary internal Israeli military demarcation. It is also tied to broader negotiations on Gaza governance and discussions around Hamas disarmament.

In practice, Rafah functions as a controlled checkpoint, not a sovereign border. Israel controls the surrounding territory on both the Gaza and Egyptian sides, having leveled large areas to create buffer zones, military installations, and surveillance corridors. Most Palestinians remain trapped, while the reopening creates only the illusion of limited freedom of movement.

Timeline of the events

On February 2, 2026, only five patients out of 450 in critical condition were allowed to leave Gaza, according to Dr. Mohammed Abu Salmiya, director of Al-Shifa Hospital in northern Gaza City. We were informed that today only five patients will be allowed to exit with two companions through the Rafah crossing,” he said. Health authorities report that at least 1,268 people have died while waiting for medical evacuation since the crossing was closed. In total, around 20,000 patients, including 4,500 children, urgently require treatment outside Gaza.

The Rafah crossing has reopened under EU supervision (EUBAM), but movement remains tightly controlled. Palestinians returning from Egypt face hours-long delays and cannot enter Gaza directly. Israel has established a military checkpoint — the “Regavim corridor” — outside the crossing, where Israeli security forces screen identities, verify intelligence-approved lists, and search belongings. Only after passing both Rafah and Israeli military screening are individuals permitted to enter the besieged enclave.

On February 3: The National Committee for the Administration of Gaza reiterated the start of the “experimental operation” of Rafah in both directions, limited to humanitarian cases (patients, students, family reunification). This administrative language unfolded alongside airstrikes, drone fire, and condolence houses being bombed, exposing the gap between paperwork and lived reality under israeli occupation.

Al Haq statement on X (February 3, 2026)

"The alleged “opening” of the #Rafah crossing must be understood as a component of Israel’s ongoing genocide in #Gaza: despite claims of humanitarian access, only 5 critically ill Palestinians were allowed to leave Gaza through Rafah (@WHO)& only 12 were allowed to return. Gaza’s Ministry of Health reports that approximately 20,000 Palestinians require medical evacuation, inc. 440 critical cases. They estimate it would take years to evacuate them if the crossing continues to operate at this rate & 10 critically ill people will die every day. Even if the reported 50 patients/day, only on foot, were permitted by Israel to evacuate, it would still take 400 days to evacuate all those currently in need of medical attention. Through bombardment, siege & the destruction of civilian infrastructure, Israel has caused mass injury & illness in Gaza while deliberately dismantling the healthcare system needed to treat both the wounded & those with critical conditions, inc. cancer & dialysis patients. Taken together, Israel has caused mass injury and illness through its ongoing genocide, destroyed the medical system capable of treating those affected, and then severely restricted access to urgent medical care outside Gaza. Destruction of Gaza’s healthcare system & attacks on infrastructure as Palestinians endure winter in tents, constitutes the deliberate infliction of conditions of life calculated to bring about physical destruction & serious bodily & mental harm (Art. II, Genocide Convention). At the same time, return is deliberately obstructed. Those who leave for life-saving treatment risk permanent displacement, while those blocked from leaving are left to die. These measures perpetuate the genocidal conditions of life and forcible transfer in an ongoing Nakba."

The Israeli occupation forces issued the following directives for people returning to Gaza:

"Each person is allowed entry with one personal bag containing only clothing and personal documents.

Each person is allowed to bring in up to 2000 NIS in cash (~$600), provided they submit a declaration 24 hours in advance.

Liquids (including water, deodorant, creams, and similar items) are not allowed.

Only one personal mobile phone is allowed; no other electronic devices are permitted.

Cigarettes are not permitted"